Shell and tube heat exchangers are essential for cooling carbon dioxide gas streams in industries such as food and beverage processing, chemical production, and refrigeration systems. These exchangers feature a bundle of tubes where hot carbon dioxide gas flows through one path, and a cooling fluid through another, optimizing heat transfer. This design ensures precise temperature control, critical for maintaining process efficiency and equipment safety in high-pressure or high-temperature environments. Their robust construction supports large volumes, while corrosion-resistant materials maintain carbon dioxide purity.